Who is referred to as a pastor in a religious context?

In a religious context, the term "pastor" typically refers to someone who has spiritual care over a number of people, which aligns with the second option. This role encompasses a wide range of responsibilities, including providing guidance, support, and leadership to a congregation or community. A pastor is often seen as a shepherd to their flock, nurturing their spiritual growth, offering counsel, and leading religious services.

While a teacher in a religious institution may impart knowledge and education, they may not necessarily provide the comprehensive spiritual care expected of a pastor. Similarly, while someone leading community rituals plays an important role in a religious setting, this function does not fully encapsulate the pastoral responsibilities, which include pastoral care and emotional support. A church council member typically has governing responsibilities within the church hierarchy but is not specifically focused on the spiritual care of individuals, which is the essence of a pastor's role.